Insumos bioestimuladores do solo: alterações nos atributos químicos do solo e na produtividade do feijão

Abstract

The search for increased crop productivity, coupled with the no-tillage system leveraged the consumption of mineral fertilizers, with the result that biological inputs that promise to meet this demand for nutrients, mainly phosphorus (P), whose availability is low in Brazilian soils. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of Penergetic ® Biostimulator, allied or not, phosphate mineral fertilization on the chemical attributes of a Red Nitosol and on the yield of the bean crop. The experiment was developed at the Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná - Campus Dois Vizinhos (UTFPR-DV). In May 2015, the treatments were implanted with doses of the biostimulator according to the dosage recommended by the company, associated with mineral fertilizer soluble with N, and K, according to recommended in the fertilization manual for the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina (CQFS, 2004), the treatments were defined as follows: T1 = 0% P and 0% of Bioestimulador; T2: 0% P and 100% Bioestimulador; T3 = 50% P and 100% Bioestimulador; T4 = 100% P and 100% Bioestimulador and T5 = 100% P and 0% Bioestimulador. The experimental design was carried out in four randomized blocks, with plots of 4 x 8 meters, totaling 20 plots, with the plots and blocks being distanced by 10 meters. In March 2017 the bean crop was planted (220,000 plants ago- 1) and managed according to the technical guidelines according to their peculiarities. At 80 days at the stage of flowering of the crop, tissue samples were taken for analyzing the contents of nutrients of the aerial part, and in the physiological maturation was evaluated the number of grains, thousand grain weight and grain yield of the crop. After sampling, soil samples were collected at three depths (0-5, 5-10, 10-20) in each plot, the soil samples were ground, sieved and sieved and sent to the analysis of Carbon, Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium and pH. For the productivity parameters of the bean crop, pods per plant, grains per plant and weight of a thousand grains. The biostimulator Bioestimulador did not present statistical difference between the treatments. In the same way, it did not influence the nutrient levels of the aerial part and their contents in the soil in the different analyzed depths, however, the soluble mineral fertilizer increased the phosphorus content only in the layer of 5-10 cm and consequent increase of crop productivity.