Estudo de vulnerabilidade à erosão e proposta de adequação do uso do solo, utilizando geoprocessamento

Abstract

Work planning and management of natural resources require information rocks, relief, class, and use of soil, water and vegetation. The integration of this information be as rapid processing of data, can be realizedwith the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). This study aimed a study of classes of vulnerability to erosion and proposal of usability to agricultural soil suitability of an area located in the City Paiçandu, northwest of Paraná, southern Brazil, through GIS. In the survey, digital files were used in matrix format referring to satellite images, the identification of vegetation cover, and secondary sources yielded data on the themes: geology, geomorphology, pedology, and spreadsheets rainfall. The editing of vector files, employed alphanumeric mapping data and editing of the final maps. The information ware organized and processed using computational environment as a tool features a Geographic Information System. For updating and validation of information processed, the new information were verified in the field, especially the characteristics of soil types, land use and hydrology. Noted that the study, the methodological approach used for areas with consolidated holdings, enabled us to identify and measure different degrees of vulnerability to erosion, giving the tooling on efficiency and speed in the processing and integration of spatial and alphanumeric data in environmental assessment. were identified and quantified areas of vulnerability to erosion and their values: Very Low - 0.22%; Low - 29.16%; Average - 62.84%; and Strong - 7.79%. In the study for land suitability were identified and quantified the space agricultural. Subgroups of the land Good , Regular and Restricted to temporary crops, 69.71%; Good land to cultivated and/or permanent crops, 9.49% pasture ; Regular land to cultivated and/or permanent crops and pasture lands Good for forestry, in 15.20% ; Restricted land , land for pasture and forestry Regular, 0.26%; Without land and agricultural suitability in 5.33 %. Based on the results of this study, was conducted assessing the intensity of use and recommendation of suitability of use / occupancy in accordance with the parameters of agricultural land suitability.