Respostas morfogenéticas de genótipos de feijão comum e controle alternativo de Diabrotica speciosa (Germar, 1824) (Col.: Chrysomelidae)

Abstract

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most cultivated legumesworldwide of great social and economic importance for Brazil and the state ofParaná. However, this crop over considerable losses due to damage caused byDiabrotica speciosa (Col.: Chrysomelidae), mainly under organic cultivation. Thedefense mechanisms of plants against insects can be chemical, physical ormorphological in nature, and can be constitutive or induced. When plants areattacked by insects, defense mechanisms are activated via signal perception andtransduction to activate genes encoding transcriptional regulatory proteins and theexpression of defense genes. This work aimed to analyze the control of genes of thefamilies bZIP, MYB, WRKY and Whirly responsible for the response of plants toinsects. Evaluate morphogenetic responses of common bean genotypes and testbiological products to control D. speciosa. An in silico study was carried out on theregulation of gene promoters of transcription factors (bZIP, MYB, WRKY and Whirly)that act in signaling the defense response against biotic stress in common beans.Bioassays were carried out to analyze the response by D. speciosa to the commonbean genotypes by means of attractiveness and consumption, morphological,biochemical and molecular analyzes. To verify the control of D. speciosa, a bioassaywas carried out with azadiractin, Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana.The results of the in silico analysis showed that the most frequent ERACs related tothe defense response to biotic stress were WRE 3, W-box, S-Box. From the analysisof preference, consumption, morphological, biochemical and molecular analysis itwas possible to verify that the genotypes IPR Uirapuru, IPR Tangará and IACImperador were the ones that showed characteristics that provided greater tolerancein testing with and without chance of choice, area consumed, enzyme activity, geneexpression and total sugar, BRS Esplendor, BRS Campeiro, IPR Tuiuiú and ANFc9have moderate tolerance and IPR Curió and BRS Estilo were more susceptible. Inthe control bioassay, azadiractin, M. anisopliae and B. bassiana were efficient incontrolling D. speciosa.