Método de coleta de dados para inventário de ACV social

Abstract

This research project is focused on the development of social indicators to be used in the Product Life Cycle and Organizations Social Assessment studies. In the application of Social LCA, the inventory has been made unevenly, with no clear means of obtaining social data and with a very scarce availability of specific product information. Since a reliable and complete data collection is important for the elaboration of the Social Inventory, which has scientific rigor, trying to guarantee accuracy and precision, it motivates the synthesis of this work. The goal is to develop a method of collecting social data for the five social stakeholders to contribute to the Social Life Cycle Inventory. To this end, we will systematically review the data collection methods performed in case studies of LCA-S published in international scientific journals, comparing them with some aspects listed in the UNEP / SETAC (2009) LCA-guidelines: analysis of quality of the data collected, the application of triangulation that assists in the conclusion of the category being analyzed, the sample definition generally established by the focus group and the social stakeholders to be evaluated. In the review, the characteristics of the methods used in each study were observed. The results indicated that there are distinctions of each method, such as the prioritization of different stakeholders or even adaptations of parties not listed in the UNEP / SETAC guidelines. Given the shortcomings and advantages of each method used, it is possible to formulate a method that has good attributes and avoids biases. This proposed method will address the aspects listed by UNEP and SETAC, incorporating them into a widely qualified data collection protocol used by the applied social sciences, which contemplates the step-by-step collection (collection protocol), since the conception by the researcher, passing through the 5 questionnaires designed for stakeholders and quality assessment matrices. To validate the method, a pilot test was carried out among workers from the city halls of Curitiba-PR, which was compiled in a social inventory and allows the interpretation, with statistical analysis, of certain characteristics of this pilot group. The inventory was composed by primary and secondary collection, by evidence that characterized the subcategories. In addition, some missing subcategories were covered from generic data. The inventory is qualified following the information triangulation rules and evaluated by quality criteria. Finally, the interpretation of this inventory was analyzed by the negative or positive characterization of the collected data, pointing out the possible social critical points of the evaluated companies. This work has developed a new method for ACV-S, unifying the best data collection techniques, explored by various works around the world into one method.