Tecnologias de reúso não potável direto: um estudo prospectivo

Abstract

Water reuse dates back to the 4th century B.C., when the Roman civilization repurposed public bath water in communal latrines; however, it was only in 1973 that the World Health Organization formalized the practice by classifying reuse into direct and indirect types. In Brazil, despite its ancient roots elsewhere, water reuse remains a very recent practice, owing to numerous historical and political factors that have created gaps in national legislation. The country’s first resolution addressing reuse was issued in 2005, yet it did not establish parameters for potable applications, thereby delaying both development and research in the field. This study therefore aims to conduct a scientific and technological prospecting of global technologies for direct non‑potable water reuse by consulting national and international databases and considering the modalities defined in Article 3 of CNRH Resolution No. 54/2005. The methodology comprises a preliminary study to identify synonyms for the keywords, an advanced bibliographic search to capture the widest possible range of published documents worldwide, a strategic analysis using a SWOT matrix, and the systematization of the results obtained. It is expected that this research will uncover technologies developed specifically for direct non‑potable water reuse, assessing their strengths, opportunities, weaknesses and threats, as well as identifying the countries of origin of the innovations, their fields of knowledge and their practical applications.