Embebição de sementes de soja em diferentes temperaturas

Abstract

Brazil is one of the largest soya been (Glycine max (L)) producers, with production growing every year. A fast and uniform germination are characteristics of interest to the producer, as well as the knowledge of how crops of agronomic interest such as soya been behave during germination. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of soaking soya bean seeds submitted to different temperatures. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratório Didático de Análise de Sementes da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná – UTFPR, Câmpus Dois Vizinhos. Seeds from cultivars NS IPRO 6700 (Nidera) and M5947 IPRO (Monsoy) were used. Randomized experimental designs were used with 5 temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 ° C) and 8 weighing times (2; 4; 6; 10; 14; 18 and; 24hrs), using priming by the method of saturated atmosphere with distilled water. Evaluated the interaction effect on the independent variables: normal seedlings (PN), abnormal seedlings (PA), dead seeds (SM), aerial part length (CPA); root length (CR), dry matter mass (MMS), first germination count (PCG), seedling emergence, emergency speed index (IVE), emergency speed (VE). The highest speed was under 35 ° C. Temperature was significant for the CPA variable only in cultivar NS IPRO 6700. As for the CR variable, it was significant for both cultivars and for the MMS variable only in cultivar MS847. Both cultivars did not adapt to any of the regression curve models applied. There was no effect of different temperatures on the development and initial growth of soybeans, since the absorption curve phase that causes significant changes in the seed has not been reached, requiring a longer imbibition period, so the cultivars presented only phase I of the three-phase absorption model curve, presenting higher absorption speed as the temperature increased.