Fragmentos florestais urbanos em Foz do Iguaçu: potencial para uso público

Abstract

The remaining forest areas are important for the protection and conservation of natural resources. They directly interfere in the quality of life of living beings acting in ecological, social, aesthetic and educational functions. The functions that a vegetation exercises in the urban perimeter contribute to the valorization of these areas, to a social interaction, economically valuing the properties, and allowing the population to have moments of leisure and recreation. Respecting human and environmental interactions is also monitoring and preserving areas of vegetation, having the sensitivity that respect for nature will provide you with a better quality of life. In order to assess and monitor the preservation of vegetation areas, as well as the better quality of life of the population, surveys of forest remnants have their importance for analyzing land use and occupation and providing elements for planning environmental use and administration natural resources. This study aimed to survey forest fragments, seeking to identify those with potential for public use in the city of Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná. The green area index was determined for each region of the municipality and for the entire urban area. A diagnosis of each fragment was made, based on fragment conservation indicators suggested in the literature and suggested proposals for use and / or measures for conservation, preservation or recovery, according to the situations found. For this, the following indicators were used: area, circularity index, presence of residues, canopy coverage and presence of water bodies. A weight was assigned to each indicator, generating a table where fragments that weighed more than 13 were selected and indicated as potentially suitable for public use. In all, 55 urban forest fragments were mapped, which were separated between private or public, 18 of which are private and 37 are public, subdivided into municipal, state and federal. In 12 of the 55 fragments it was not possible to access to analyze the variables in loco. The use of 13 fragments is recommended. Five are already used by the community and 18 fragments have not been recommended for public use. Foz do Iguaçu has 11m², 13m² and 12.8m² of vegetation per capita respectively for the population data for 2005, 2010 and 2019. When compared to the minimum indicated by the Brazilian Society of Urban Forestry - SBAU of 15m² and the World Health Organization - WHO of 12m² per capita, Foz do Iguaçu satisfies the minimum only according to the World Health Organization for the population of 2010 and for the estimated population in 2019.