Detecção de defeitos em motores de indução pela análise da assinatura da corrente elétrica

Abstract

With the growth of global competitiveness and the consequent search for costs reduction and increase in productivity of the industrial actives there is a need, in the field of electrical engineering, of obtaining bigger life from electrical motors, reducing the maintenance times and anticipating the knowledge from possible faults. Therefore, becomes relevant the study of maintenance techniques that must every time more reliable. This work presents the study of the MCSA (motor current signal analysis) and its effectiveness on identifying defects on low potency induction tree- phase motors. This analysis é a predictive maintenance technique that is part of the ESA (electrical signal analysis), that is being every time more widespread in the industrial sector. It was performed in laboratory several tests on motors with and without defects, these are: broken rotor bars (in two different severities), phase unbalance and mechanical imbalance factor. From these experiments, it was collected current signals in high sampling (>10 KHz). These signals were processed utilizing the FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) and analyzed using the MCSA. So, it was possible to verify the effectiveness of the technique in the mentioned situations.