Avaliação de uma ocupação irregular em fase de regularização fundiária em Curitiba, utilizando indicadores da qualidade ambiental urbana - IQAU

Abstract

The population densification and growth tied to economic development process of the country and migration from rural areas to urban resulted in cities strongly marked by subnormal agglomerations, characterized by homes with precarious housing conditions, installed in inappropriate places, in environmentally vulnerable areas, like the Permanent Preservation Areas - PPAs without access to infrastructure, public facilities and essential services. For the city of Curitiba is estimated that by the year 2002 there were approximately 13,000 households in PPAs. Given the proportions of this problem, the Government and society charge up as agents of change in the environment, also perform actions aimed at improving the quality of life. By this way, the present study proposes to analyze the environmental influences that promote or not the land regularization in irregular occupations, and consequently examine these influences in the pursuit of improved environmental quality starting from the recovery and / or environmental mitigation. The method to measure the evaluation is the application of Urban Environmental Quality Indicators - UEQI, based on the methodology Borja (1997) and adapted it to meet the research theme. The evaluation methodology of analysis considered eight categories: housing, sanitation, urban infrastructure, urban services, infrastructure social and cultural, environment comfort, urban landscape and citizenship. From the variables and indicators were held weights and the aggregations data, which produced partial indexes, correlated the respective categories, and ultimately resulted in the index of Urban Environmental Quality spot. The case study was developed based on the evaluation of irregular occupation known as Vila Terra Santa in Tatuquara neighborhood. Between 2000 and 2007, began the recognition and mapping of this area, whose intervention was and is still held by the “Companhia de Habitação Popular de Curitiba – COHAB-CT”. We conducted this research through a comparison between the period beginning the process of regularization and the present moment, and you can see that the level of Environmental Quality changed from unsatisfactory to very satisfactory, showing that the “COHAB-CT” proving that it promoted the improvement of the quality environment and community life. It can be concluded that studies like this can support the diagnosis of how an area is environmentally impacted and direct the urban planning related to actions it can be taken. This planning is assignment to multidisciplinary teams, in that the environmental manager is the key who can mitigating an environmental crime such as the occupation of Permanent Preservation Areas.