Políticas públicas de fomento ao empreendedorismo: análise das práticas adotadas nos municípios de pequeno porte do Paraná

Abstract

Brazil has gone through a historical process of development concentrated in large urban centers, which ultimately undermine the small cities, a process also observed in the state of Paraná . Regional inequalities have widened with the process of industrialization in the state, indicating that policies to attract investments, especially in the 1990s, failed to resolve this problem. To avoid depletion of peripheral cities and the exodus to the big cities, it is necessary that municipalities find own ways to promove sustainable development. Encouraging entrepreneurship is considered a safe and sustainable alternative, which can be adopted by mayors as a public policy. This research, which is exploratory, was done with the objective of identifying the institutional environment for fostering entrepreneurship in small municipalities of Paraná, with up to 50 thousand people. The methodology used was a multiple case study, with selection of eight counties, including four with the highest IDH -M and four with the lowest levels of IDH -M, each within a cutout population size established methodologically. For verification of the institutional environment, a set of data for evaluation of municipal districts was used. The results pointed out that the most developed cities adopt similar practices that contribute to the promotion of entrepreneurship. In order to contribute to the definition and planning of public policies at the local level, a synthesis of best practices used by municipalities evaluated is presented.