Síntese e caracterização de nanofibras a base de poli(álcool vinílico)/heparina por meio da técnica de eletrofiação

Abstract

Electro-spinning is a technique used to produce fiber-based nanomaterials from polymer solutions. These. Nanomaterials have a high surface area compared to conventional materials and, therefore, have technological applications. Electrospun nanofibers are widely applied in biomedicine as scaffolds for tissue engineering, wound healing, drug delivery, filtration, as affinity membrane, enzyme immobilization, implant for vascular grafts and other applications. In this sense, the present work presents for the first time the synthesis and characterization of new hydrogels with structure based on nanofibres. The hydrogels were formed by poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blends and heparin (HP) crosslinked with glutaraldehyde to provide stability to the electrophilic materials. The nanofibers were produced by electrospinning of PVA / HP polymer blends prepared in different mass / mass ratios (100/0, 80/20 and 70/30) where the nanofibers that presented the best morphology and homogeneity came from the blend of 80% PVA and 20% HP. HP is a natural, hydrophilic and cytocompatible polysaccharide. Therefore, it should increase the cytocompatibility of PVA / HP based electrophilic membranes, but because it has low molecular weight, it is not an with electrosplinnability polymer. On the other hand, the PVA has properties that make it electrospinnable and also its polymer blends and, the same can provide mechanical reinforcement to the nanofibres. These new nanofibers may have potential to be applied in the field of tissue engineering and the medical-pharmaceutical industry.