Avaliação de desempenho multicritério construtivista para a gestão da sustentabilidade urbana de um município de pequeno porte

Abstract

The population increase in cities creates the need to balance environmental, social and economic demands, so that such growth is guided by sustainable development. It turns out that little attention is usually given to the management of urban sustainability in small municipalities, and the objectives and concerns of decision-makers when assessing the performance of these contexts are not explored. Thus, this research aimed to build a performance evaluation model for the management of urban sustainability in a small city. This is a field study, of a descriptive nature and inductive method. The approach to the problem is qualitative, with primary data, obtained through interviews, and secondary, through documents. As intervention instruments, the following methodologies were used: Knowledge Development Process - Constructivist (Proknow-C), for the selection and systemic analysis of the literature; and the Multicriteria Decision Support Methodology - Constructivist (MCDA-C) for the construction of the model. Based on the systemic analysis of the literature, the existence of research gaps for the evaluation of urban sustainability management was identified, which could be filled using the MCDA-C methodology.Thus, the structuring of the model was conducted by the methodology, resulting in a total of 66 descriptors. Once the context-specific evaluation criteria were identified, they were compared with those present in the literature, in order to identify the similarities and differences that exist. Through this analysis, it was found that a relevant number of evaluation criteria were unique to the municipality's urban sustainability management, with no equivalent criteria found in the literature. In addition, the evaluation criteria of the constructed model were compared with the goals of the SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) in order to identify the local contribution to the achievement of the global goals of the SDGs. From that, it was concluded that the objectives of the municipality's urban sustainability management are partially aligned with the objectives sought at the global level. Thus, the present research had theoretical implications, since the problem structuring process, originating from the MCDA-C methodology, allowed the construction of a performance evaluation model based on the decision maker's values for the decision-making context, and that, the gaps identified in the literature could be filled. The practical implication, in turn, referred to the ability to support the decision made possible by the evaluation model, which allowed to know the current situation, by identifying the performance of urban sustainability management, as well as the areas that demand greater attention in the search performance improvement.