O IDEB das escolas da rede municipal de Dois Vizinhos - PR: fatores condicionantes

Abstract

This research investigated the conditioning factors that led to the evolution of the Basic Education Development Index (IDEB) of the Municipal Network of Dois Vizinhos - PR and sought to understand the influence of this index on the teaching-learning process of students and, consequently, on the quality of teaching public offered in the municipal scope. The research sought to elucidate the following problem: How do the conditions of the IDEB interfere in the student’s teaching-learning process and, consequently, in the quality of the teaching of the Municipal Network of Dois Vizinhos - PR. This study has as epistemological basis the method of dialectical historical materialism, considering the categories of analysis: contradiction, totality and mediation. The data was approached through documentary, bibliographic and field research. The documentary research was carried out based on the analysis of the statistical tables of the IDEB, the resolutions, opinions, educational legislation and the pedagogical political projects of the municipal schools. The bibliographic research was carried out from the reading of books, articles, theses and dissertations referring to the themes that guide the present research. The field research was conducted through interviews with the principals of the Elementary School I (Early Years) of the Municipal Network of Teaching of Dois Vizinhos - PR, who participated in the edition of the IDEB 2015 and with the Secretaries of Education who were at the front of the Municipal Department of Education from 2007 to 2015. It was also analyzed the data of the county with regard to the socioeconomic conditions of the population and the families of the students and it presents a characterization of the Municipal Network, involving the training of teachers, the number of students and public servants. This study is structured from the content categories: Quality of Education, Management of Basic Education, Evaluation of Basic Education and Financing of Education. The research showed that in the referred Teaching Network the IDEB is becoming the main conditioning factor of the quality of teaching, since the actions of the Education Department and of the schools are directly associated to this index; the schools’ managers answers show the evidence that in practice the IDEB is considered synonymous with the quality of teaching. For the managers participating in this research, the main conditioning factors of the teaching quality are Teaching Work, Teacher Training, Family Participation, Socioeconomic Conditions of Families and Management. With regard to IDEB specifically, the macro conditioning is training and the other conditioning factors; most of them are the same ones pointed out by the managers as the quality of teaching being these: Teaching Work, Teacher Training, Participation of Family and Management. Therefore, the conditioning factors of the IDEB directly influence the quality of teaching in the Municipal Network, through the trainings with the students, the rank among schools, the curriculum engrossment, by privileging some languages to the detriment of other school subjects, by assuming training as training and management as control, thereby materializing the policy of the Minimum State through consensus.