Governo eletrônico e aberto: acesso à informação e participação digital em Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior (IFES)

Abstract

Electronic and open government refers to a new vision of Public Administration. It promotes projects and actions aimed at increasing transparency, combating corruption, encouraging social participation and the development of new technologies, in order to make governments more responsible for their actions and prepared to meet the needs of citizens. The research aimed to evaluate whether the set of e-government mechanisms (e-gov) indicated by the legislation is being used by the Federal Institutions of Higher Education (IFES) to generate access to information. More specifically, the concepts of open data, transparency and citizen participation in public administration are presented. As for the methodological procedures, a descriptive research of a qualitative nature was developed, the technical procedures were a bibliographical and documentary research and a survey. From a bibliographical and documentary research, this study organized the information and communication technology (ICT) mechanisms that help public management to guarantee greater transparency and access to information. For data collection, the Information Access service was used and a questionnaire with 27 questions was applied to 101 IFES. At the end of the research, there were 72 valid questionnaires. Descriptive statistics methods were used for data analysis. Then, a content analysis of the Institutional Development Plans (IDPs) of the IFES was carried out. And finally, the most relevant legislation was compiled in a framework format. The results obtained with the research indicated that, in the perception of the administrative managers of the institutions, the electronic government tools are applied in the IFES, with emphasis on mechanisms for access to information. However, the availability of open data needs to be better worked on. Among the results achieved, the following stand out: (I) actions and decisions are being communicated through portals and institutional documents; (Ii) participation through digital channels is significant; (III) portals and social networks are predominantly used as tools of information practices. As a final consideration it is possible to infer that the Institutions appreciate the importance of an electronic government as a participative and transparent management tool in their institutional planning.