Análise dos impactos da microgeração solar fotovoltaica distribuída na regulação de tensão em redes de distribuição secundárias

Abstract

This study addresses the technical challenges posed by the growing adoption of photovoltaic microgeneration within electric power distribution networks. The core issue is that these infrastructures were originally designed for unidirectional power flow, rendering them susceptible to adverse effects. Against this backdrop, this work investigates the technical impacts resulting from the progressive integration of photovoltaic systems into low-voltage electrical grids. Initially, an overview of distributed generation and ANEEL’s regulatory parameters for power quality is presented. Subsequently, a computational model of a secondary distribution feeder - developed using OpenDSS software and parameterized according to Copel’s technical standards-is demonstrated. Finally, simulations of multiple photovoltaic injection scenarios are conducted over a 24 - hour cycle. The study’s primary objective is to identify the grid's operational limits under varying levels of photovoltaic generation, focusing specifically on voltage profile behavior and the occurrence of power flow reversal.