Desenvolvimento e aplicação de um sistema supervisório para uma usina solar fotovoltaica de 301,4 kWp: e sua estação solarimétrica

Abstract

Monitoring data from a photovoltaic solar plant is essential for analyzing energy generation and efficiency, assessing return on investment, and managing energy consumption and/or trading.This work presents the development and practical implementation of a Supervisory System (SCADA) for a 301.4 kWp photovoltaic plant and its associated solarimetric station. The development of the system is supported by a literature review on SCADA systems, communication networks, photovoltaic generation and solarimetric stations. The software chosen for developing the system was Haiwell Cloud SCADA®, as it is an industrial-grade, free, and highly versatile software. The work also presents the methodology used during the development of this project, which is divided into four main stages: understanding the plant and devices of the photovoltaic system and the solarimetric station; designing, implementing, and commissioning the RS-485 communication network for the photovoltaic inverters and its connection to an existing Ethernet LAN on-site; developing the supervisory system in the Haiwell Cloud SCADA® software, commissioning and validating the supervisor system through comparisons of curves plotted from the supervisory system's database, data collected by a power analyzer, curves plotted in the standard monitoring application of the PV inverters, and curves plotted from the solarimetric station datalogger's database. At the end of the work, the results demonstrate that the designed communication network is effective and offers high versatility, enabling remote access to the supervisory system by any device connected to the same Ethernet LAN as the server. Furthermore, the developed system is reliable, meets the monitoring needs of the supervised plant, offers functionality and operational practicality, establishing itself as an efficient tool for maintenance management and performance analysis of the supervised photovoltaic solar plant.