As percepções dos servidores de apoio da Procuradoria da Fazenda Nacional no Paraná acerca das suas condições de trabalho no contexto do teletrabalho

Abstract

This thesis analyzes teleworking within the federal public service as a phenomenon embedded in the context of the productive restructuring of capital and the technological advancements of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Based on the premise that capital (neoliberalism) adopts forms of flexible accumulation, the study investigates how Managerial Public Administration (New Public Management – NPM) utilizes telework to reduce costs and focus on results, mirroring the logic of the private sector. The study focuses on the “structural precarization of work” and the perceptions held by support staff at the National Treasury Attorney’s Office in Paraná (PFN/PR) regarding their labor under telework conditions. The research is grounded in the structural precarization of labor, illustrated through a theoretical framework based on Marxist authors, such as: (i) Ricardo Antunes and Giovanni Alves to discuss the new morphology of work in the digital age, precarity, “uberization,” and the infoproletariat; (ii) David Harvey, Pierre Dardot, and Christian Laval to analyze the capital restructuring, the flexible mode of accumulation, and the rise of neoliberal rationality (NPM) within the State; (iii) György Lukács to sustain the ontological centrality of labor in social life. Regarding methodology, this is a qualitative study of a constructive-interpretative nature. The following steps were conducted: (i) a systematic review of the literature on telework and precarization; (ii) documentary research through the analysis of legislation (CLT) and the internal regulations of the PGFN and PFN/PR that govern telework; and (iii) the application of a dialectical approach in semi-structured interviews utilizing Fernando González Rey´s Theory of Subjectivity. The research confirmed that the implementation of teleworking at PFN/PR aligns with the logic of productive capital restructuring, via NPM, focusing on cost reduction (as the employee bears the infrastructure costs) and increased productivity (a focus on targets); thus, teleworking constitutes a form of labor organization that serves the process of capital´s productive restructuring. The working conditions of PFN/PR employees are objectively precarious (costs passed on to the employee, focus on goals) and subjectively contradictory (gains in quality of life versus social and psychological losses). The thesis defended is that the perception of telework conditions is subjective and influenced by two main axes: (i) the individual’s temporal perception (the comparison between past in-person work and the new remote reality, influenced by their subjectivity); and (ii) the spatial/social perception (the shift in the sense of belonging to the collective and the institution), noting that telework will only continue to be adopted as long as it serves the interests of the PFN/PR.