Caracterização química do ácido pirolenhoso e avaliação das propriedades fisico-químicas de formulações com adjuvantes

Abstract

In a global scene marked by climate change, the development of sustainable solutions for the implementation of organic agriculture becomes increasingly important. Pyroligneous acid presents itself as a potential alternative to the use of herbicides, which are often harmful to the environment. As a co-product of the charcoal industry, its collection and manufacture are valuable for the circular economy, which seeks to minimize waste generation. It is obtained through the burning of plant material, such as Eucalyptus grandis wood. Considering the possible impacts of improper disposal and its potential applications, this study aimed to chemically characterize pyroligneous acid (crude, decanted, and distilled), separated with different solvents, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and identifying the compounds by similarity with the NIST library. The goal was to find potential compounds that justify its use as a bioherbicide, in addition to evaluating physicochemical properties that directly influence herbicide efficacy. Most of the identified compounds are phenolic, some of which have proven phytotoxic activity. Pyroligneous acid demonstrated synergy with adjuvants, not affecting surface tension and maintaining the formulation's pH stability.