Síntese e caracterização de tintas utilizadas como revestimentos interno e externo quanto a ensaios mecânicos de tração e flamabilidade

Abstract

The present work aims to synthesize and characterize two coatings: one internal and one external; prepared using a cold-applied two-component polyurethane fluid based on a polyol derived from vegetable oils and its mechanical properties through tensile and flammability tests. The preparation of the specimens was carried out in a laboratory with a controlled environment and the process was carried out in compliance with the manufacturer's recommendations. The purpose of the work was to characterize the materials separately and perform a comparative analysis regarding their functionality as flame retardants and mechanical resistance. The standards followed for carrying out the tests were ASTM D3801 for vertical flammability tests, ASTM D635 for horizontal flammability tests and ASTM D1623 for mechanical test. The flammability tests revealed that the coating, intended to be applied in external areas, did not present considered resistance to flames. The coating used for applications in indoor environments, on the other hand, presented high characteristics such as flame retardant. The tensile test was carried out in a universal testing machine and the material used as an internal coating showed better mechanical characteristics than that used as an external coating. The final aim of this work is to provide considered information that can increase the range of applications of the studied coatings. Such a study is of paramount importance to generate more reliability in polymer applications in terms of their flammability and resistance, and because it is a material derived from vegetable oils, to strengthen the environmental appeal, which has caused concern on a global scale.