Matriz de priorização da demanda e medidas de apoio para restrição da obsolescência programada de equipamentos eletroeletrônicos: ciência, tecnologia e sustentabilidade

Abstract

This work deals with measures to avoid planned obsolescence of household electrical and electronic equipment (PO-EEE) from the perspective of science, technology and sustainability (CTSus). The general objective of the Thesis is to build a prioritization matrix for PO to support measures for household EEE by the government, industry and consumer, mobilized by Science, Technology, Innovation, Sustainability and Reverse Logistics System. The theoretical framework was adjusted to the interdisciplinary concepts argued in PPGTE-UTFPR, increasing the debates on the themes of obsolescence and PO of EEE. The literature was selected to form the body of knowledge, which supported the discussions, together with the analysis. Measures to avoid planned obsolescence were identified, relevant to contribute to the development of guidelines to legislative proposal No. 7.875/2017. This legislative proposal is being processed in the Chamber of Deputies of the National Congress of Brazil, the legislative branch of the Union, which addresses the prohibition of PO-EEE. The literature review had this event as a milestone for the beginning of searches on digital platforms, extending until 2023. The methodology is essentially qualitative and exploratory in nature, based on bibliography selected from open digital libraries, and materials available in the normative system of the National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (Inmetro). The thesis questioned to what extent the topic of OP of EEE can be mitigated by its inclusion in the Consumer Defense Code (CDC), without the existence of a specific national policy. The work is structured in five chapters, two of which are the introduction and the conclusion. Chapter two deals with the survey of sources; Chapter three contains a review and analytical contributions of the selected literature, standards and regulations. Chapter 4 presents the organizational proposals for a prioritization matrix with subsidies for defining the best regulatory option in relation to legislative proposal. The study reveals that the CDC is an essential regulation to combat deceptive trade practices, but it is not enough to veto the EEE PO. Given the complexity of the issue and the need for broader regulations, with the participation of consumers, industry and government, the creation of a national policy similar to the PNRS is advocated, which has definitions, acknowledges shared responsibility, highlights the need for sectorial agreements and information, creates institutions, assigns roles to the different sectors of society, imposes sanctions and monitoring.