Métodos de inoculação de Trichoderma harzianum na produção de mudas de maracujazeiro

Abstract

In Brazil, passion fruit cultivation is socially and economically important, as it is a profitable and job-generating alternative, accounting for 95% of the world's passion fruit production. With a view to more sustainable cultivation that is beneficial to the environment and the desired crop, one option is biological use, which can be applied to the substrate, directly to the soil, foliar application, seed treatment and the combination of these. One alternative is the use of the fungus of the genus Trichoderma, which is widely used to control diseases, mainly caused by soil fungi, as well as being a growth promoter. This study sought to assess the influence of different applications of T. harzianum on the production of passion fruit seedlings. Conducted in a completely randomized design (DIC), with 6 treatments and 10 repetitions: T0 - Witness (no application of T. harzianum); T1 - Seed treatment with T. harzianum; T2 - Foliar application with T. harzianum; T3 - Substrate application with T. harzianum; T4 - Seed treatment with T. harzianum + foliar application with T. harzianum; T5 - Substrate application withT. harzianum + foliar application with T. harzianum. The source of T. harzianum was Trichodermil® SC 1306 (T. harzianum Rifai, strain ESALQ-1306) and certified seeds of the IPR - Luz da Manhã cultivar. The evaluation began 72 days after sowing and measured height, root length, stem diameter and number of leaves. To obtain a constant mass, the aerial and root parts were placed in an oven at 65º C for 48 hours, after which a precision scale was used to quantify the root dry mass and aerial dry mass in grams. The data was submitted to the F test - analysis of variance and the means of the treatments were compared using the Tukey test. It was observed that height, number of leaves, root dry mass and aerial dry mass were positively influenced by the treatments tested, while root length and stem diameter were not. Applying T. harzianum (T3) to the substrate was the most efficient method for developing passion fruit seedlings.