Análise do ciclo de vida de produto através de metodologias de decisão multicritério e matriz DFE

Abstract

As the population increases, the need to increase the production of products and services grows. As a result, some obstacles arose in relation to limited resources in nature. In this sense, as companies begin to find ways to not compromise the environment, without losing competitiveness or ceasing to produce. From this, a tool of great importance in the sustainable field emerged, known as LCA (Life Cycle Analysis). This is a widely known method, dealing with the assessment and quantification of environmental impacts of a product or process. Its systemic vision allows us to carry out a complete study, from raw materials to disposal. The present study aims to analyze the paper recycling process in a packaging company, with the aim of understanding its environmental performance in relation to production processes, through LCA, combining with two matrices, which are the DFE and AHP matrices. . For the study, the method in question is action research, the interactions between the five proven life cycle advances are not observed, which are pre-manufacturing, production, packaging and distribution, use and maintenance and end of life, correlated to five environmental aspects, which are materials, energy use and solid, liquid and gaseous waste. However, using the criteria weighting method, it becomes possible to predict different weights for each stage, thus being able to change the points of greater or lesser impact, in order to direct the necessary efforts according to the strategies used. The results indicate that the main impact is in the prefabrication stage, due to the scientific company's suppliers' lack of knowledge on environmental issues. The second least scored stage was manufacturing, related to issues such as energy reuse and generation of greenhouse gases. Then, the third biggest impact is related to the end of life related to the generation of sludge. Finally, the fourth biggest impact was distribution and packaging, followed by product use and maintenance, this with full classification.