Dinâmica produtiva das principais commodities agrícolas no Brasil

Abstract

The process of globalization, promoted by communication and easy transport, has had a major influence on local production systems. However, the ways in which rural producers in different countries react to this network of interaction has been little studied. For this reason, the study aims to understand the changes in production and productivity of the main temporary crops from 2006 to 2017 in Brazil and in the state of Paraná. The database used is the Brazilian Agricultural Census, carried out by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, in the 2006 and 2017 surveys. The results show an increase in the areas cultivated with temporary soybean and corn crops. The main results show that there was a 51.7% increase in the area cultivated with temporary crops in the country, while in the state of Paraná this amount corresponds to 64.6% of the area. Among the most significant activities in this change is soya, which increased by 71.8% from 2006 to 2017 in Brazil. Corn followed the same trend, with a 36% increase in area, four million more than in 2006. This scenario is the result of the country's rural credit policies and the strategies of the companies that dominate this market in their actions to encourage the cultivation of monocultures. In the long term, the data points to a scenario that deserves attention and research at a certain speed. This is because a process of reducing productive diversification in rural areas may be underway, increasing risks for producers and for the country's food security and sovereignty.