Ciclomobilidade como fomento à mobilidade sustentável: análise aplicada na legislação do Brasil, estados brasileiros e municípios do estado do Paraná

Abstract

This thesis addresses the growing relevance of cycling as a mean of transportation in Brazil, emphasizing the need to improve legislation to promote a more sustainable urban mobility. It proposes a framework for analyzing laws related to cycling in the country, covering national, state, and municipal levels, aiming to assess how public policies encourage bicycle use. Based on the research question - “What structural elements are necessary for collecting and analyzing laws related to cycling in Brazil, identifying their main guidelines, regulations, and standards that guide the circulation of bicycles in urban areas?” - objectives were defined, involving collecting laws related to cycling, analyzing their distribution, evaluating their encouragement of bicycle use, and identifying trends and gaps in legislation across Brazil. The laws were then associated to the guidelines for cycling policies proposed by the author in her master’s thesis and refined in subsequent publications: 1) Infrastructure and Safety; 2) Education; 3) Legislation, Standardization, Citizenship, and Local Culture; 4) Technical Assistance; 5) Tax Relief and Financial Support; 6) Sports, Recreation, and Cycling Tourism; and 7) Non-displacement. The methodology adopted a systematic literature review and documentary research, by the collection of data from official sources of government agencies. The data were organized in a database and subjected to quantitative-qualitative analysis (mixed method). The corpus consists of 12 national laws, 468 state laws, and 1685 municipal laws, categorized under 12 analysis criteria: 1) Creation of the locality over time; 2) Number of laws over time; 3) Number of laws per location; 4) Number of laws per capita; 5) Number of Laws per regional location; 6) Availability of laws; 7) Pro-bicycle relationship; 8) Relationship between the total number of laws and the pro-bicycle number; 9) Panorama of observations; 10) Relationship of pro-bicycle laws with Guidelines; 11) Relationship of pro-bicycle laws with locations; and 12) Relationship of pro-bicycle laws with Guidelines and locations. As the main product, a reference framework was obtained for the analysis of legislation related to cycling. Additionally, through a critical analysis of the results, the research arrived at 5 main conclusions: 1) There is positive progress in Brazilian laws to encourage cycling; 2) National guidelines for cycling must be compatible with local responses to specific demands; 3) There is a need for greater visibility and dissemination of laws by municipalities; 4) Brazilian cycling legislation could benefit from more intense collaboration with research centers and scientific production on the subject; 5) Need to address the potential of cycling tourism and the demands of sports and recreation facilitated by pro-bicycle legislation.