Influência do controle mecânico de erosão sobre a fauna edáfica

Abstract

The expansion of agricultural areas and intensive agriculture together with the use of conventional management techniques contribute to the degradation and instability of the soil ecosystem, increasing erosive processes, reducing fertility and availability of organic matter and consequently impacting the community of edaphic organisms, which are highly sensitive to changes in the environment, being considered excellent bioindicators of soil quality. In this sense, the present work objetive to characterize the edaphic fauna in no-tillage areas with and without mechanical erosion control. The study areas are located on the experimental farm of the Federal Technological University of Paraná, Dois Vizinhos campus, and are divided into: No-tillage area with erosion control (PDC); No-tillage area without erosion control (PDS). The edaphic fauna will be sampled by installing 32 pitfall-traps per area, totaling 64 sampling points. After seven days in the field, the traps will be removed and the organisms sampled will be classified at the lowest possible taxonomic level. Biological data were evaluated for organism abundance, group richness and ecological indices.Abundance and richness data were submitted to the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Because they did not show normality, the data were transformed into log(X), followed by comparison using the Tukey test at 5% probability using the Rbio software. Principal component analysis (PCA) and ecological indices of Shannon diversity (H), Simpson dominance (C) and Pielou evenness (J) were obtained using the PAST software. As a result, there was similarity between the areas, due to the no-tillage system, with no statistical differences related to the mechanical erosion control factor under the composition, diversity and abundance of soil fauna.