Fatores críticos para alcançar a sustentabilidade em habitações: percepção dos usuários no Brasil

Abstract

The sustainable housing options come in various forms, and decision-making is becoming increasingly complex. This study aims to identify the contributing factors to sustainability in housing from the environmental, economic, and social perspectives, as perceived by the user. This research is classified as quantitative, with data obtained using standardized instruments, and results that can be quantified. The data was extracted from the reality of the study object using the Survey procedure method. A questionnaire, structured with a seven-point semantic differential scale and 42 questions, was sent online. Multivariate statistical analysis, correlation analysis, and factor analysis were conducted using the SPSS software. A non-probabilistic sample of 255 valid results was obtained. The results were stratified to obtain a sample that corresponded to the Brazilian population in terms of gender, resulting in 163 results from the South, Southeast, and Central-West regions. The analysis showed that young, single, female, childless, educated individuals were more motivated to adopt sustainable housing. Knowledge related to more sustainable construction positively affects consumer willingness. Perceived value had a positive effect on consumption intention. Consumers with higher sensitivity to consumption weigh gains and losses more carefully and are more cautious in decision-making. The intention to purchase and adopt sustainable housing is closely related to environmental characteristics. Users willing to change consumption habits and concerned about the future of the planet are more motivated to adopt housing integrated with the environment. However, the lack of information and financial, legal, and implementation incentives from the government are the main barriers. Thus, it can be concluded that there are contributing factors to ensure the success of adopting sustainable housing, which address not only environmental sustainability but also financial incentives and social acceptance, cultural factors, and internal and/or external knowledge necessary for decision-making.