Estimativa do potencial energético teórico a partir da queima de metano proveniente do aterro sanitário de Francisco Beltrão–PR

Abstract

The climate crisis generated by the intensification of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions presents itself as one of the greatest challenges of the 21st century. Methane gas (CH4) ranks second in the GHGs most emitted globally, behind only Carbon Dioxide (CO2). In addition, methane has as its anthropic source the burning of fossil fuels, farming practices, liquid waste treatment and disposal of solid waste. In this context, landfills are considered to be the environmentally appropriate final disposal technique for tailings. In Brazil, the final destination of most urban solid waste (MSW) generated is landfills. Therefore, "biogas" - gas resulting from the anaerobic decomposition of organic compounds - is produced inside landfills and its composition is mainly methane. Therefore, some adaptations are necessary so that sanitary landfills become able to generate electrical energy from the burning of methane present in the biogas produced. Thus, the present work aimed to use the Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories (GPC) methodology to estimate the amount of methane produced in the years 2017, 2018 and 2019 at the Francisco Beltrão landfill, as well as to calculate its potential to be converted into electrical energy. Calculated estimates of methane and biogas emitted and the short useful life of the studied landfill indicate that it is not economically viable for the municipality to invest in converting this resource into electricity, guiding the creation of public policies that can be adopted to mitigate emissions of methane at the next landfill to be built.