Gestão de equipes distribuídas de desenvolvimento de software: uma análise da avaliação de desempenho

Abstract

Technological advancements and sustainability enabled software companies to adopt the idea of distributed teams. However, the frequent absence of indicators and performance assessment models is a significant challenge for management. Assessment models need be considered in order to highlight weak and strong characteristics of the team, contributing more effectively to their management. We propose new indicators and an assessment model to support the management of distributed teams in terms of software development. First, the research focused on the development of a conceptual model that mapped the impacts in the context. The Proknow-C systematic literature review technique (Knowledge Development Process - Constructivist) was used as a method to search and analyze relevant scientific articles. This analysis indicates two distinct bibliographic portfolios, one focused on the general impacts of working in distributed teams and a second one in sustainable aspects. Later, the content analysis of each portfolio was performed, where relevant concepts and practices were highlighted and discussed. The Constructivist Multicriteria Decision Aid (MCDA-C) methodology was adopted to create the performance assessment model, which uses knowledge construction and confrontation between the knowledge sources, using data collected in semi-structured interviews led by the manager of distributed teams. The MCDA-C methodology includes the structuring, assessment, and recommendation phases. The research results subsidized a set of rules that assists with the creation of the performance assessment model, providing the conceptual interpretation of management planning over strategic, tactical, and operational objectives. Six tactical objectives related to team leadership and productivity were directly linked to planning, processes, engagement, progress, trust, and communication. The operational objectives derived into fifty-six criteria, enabling the proposal of the final performance assessment model. The contribution of this study includes the discussion of opportunities for improvements, making it feasible to identify a panorama of indicators that can assist management with more assertive decision-making in the context of distributed teams in software development.