Análise das tensões em uma prótese de cotovelo

Abstract

Problems related to members who for some reason stopped playing their functions, or are partially performing them, due to accidents, efforts repetitive, or even malformation from birth, makes more and more people resort to the use of prostheses. For the elbow joint, the need to use prosthesis occurs due to wear due to diseases or accidents involving bone tissues or cartilage of the joint. To improve the lives of people who have any of these complications, studies directed to the field of biomechanics, medicine and engineering of materials advance in large steps towards the improvement and development of products biocompatible materials and with mechanical properties that can be as close as possible to the human tissue. The work in question evaluated the behavior of an elbow prosthesis modeled in the SolidWorks program in relation to the stresses obtained with the modification of the material considering three different loads. Two of these loads are indicated as a permanent condition, that is, limit load restrictions that the patient must impose to the organ after surgery, and a third load considered concerns a test of fatigue obtained from the literature. Thus, it was verified which of the materials presented the highest and minor stresses, and in which situations the maximum stresses approached the stress flow of the material itself, at which points they occurred and these were related to points to problems described in the literature. Of the three materials selected, the one that presented highest maximum stresses in the test settings was the zirconia ceramic hardened in alumina (ZTA) and the one that presented the lowest tensions was the titanium alloy Ti6Al4V.