Produtividade de cultivares de soja em diferentes épocas de semeadura

Abstract

Grain yield is closely linked to its yield components and these traits directly depends on the interaction between the genotype and the environment. Favorable periods for sowing as well as properly positioned maturation groups are factors that directly influence soybean yield. In this context, the work aims to evaluate the yield components and grain yield of four soybean cultivars, in three sowing periods. The study was carried out at Dois Vizinhos, state of Paraná, Brazil, in the teaching and research unit of annual crops at the Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR-DV). The experimental design used for randomized blocks, in a 4 x 3 factorial scheme, with three replications. Factor A was composed by four soybean cultivars (Glycine max. L) and factor B by three sowing periods (SP). The results showed that sowing period had a significant effect on various morphological characteristics and yield components of soybean plants. Among the cultivars, P96Y90 showed higher plant height, height of insertion of the first pod, number of pods per plant and number of grains per plant. Thus, this cultivar yield was superior at the 13/09 seeding period and when compared to a cultivar P95Y02 and P95R51. So that for the climatic conditions of the Southwest region of Paraná, the positioning of cultivars with higher maturation group in the opening of the zoning tends to be more productive than earlier cultivars. There was no grain yield difference between 10/1 and 10/11, except for P96Y90, which showed lower yield than the other cultivars when sown on 10/11.