Framework para análise de maturidade em indústria 4.0: roadmap de implementação com foco em PMEs

Abstract

The concepts and potential benefits associated with the application of Industry 4.0 technological tools have attracted the attention of companies and technical-scientific institutions as an opportunity to increase the competitive potential of organizations in a turbulent market. Thus, it is possible to perceive the relevance and complexity of decisions related to the business scenario of companies to promote competitiveness. In Brazil, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are marked by the need to improve competitiveness, despite having significant relevance to the national economy, they still have insufficiencies to be remedied in relation to the competitive aspect. However, for the planning of actions to improve competitiveness, it is pertinent that the current state of the organization is evaluated in relation to the competitive references for a better establishment of the strategic objectives. In this scenario, maturity models emerge that are tools to support this type of evaluation. Despite the existence of several models for this purpose, many lack methodological clarity and parameterization, in addition to not being properly aligned with the particularities of SMEs. Therefore, this research seeks to fill the gap found in the scientific field, as well as to contribute to organizational management from the development and application of a framework for evaluating SMEs in terms of technological maturity of industry 4.0, based on an approach supported by methods decision support Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Fuzzy-TOPSIS method. As a way of demonstrating the applicability of the framework, the evaluation was carried out in an SME in the metal-mechanic sector. In terms of results, the company obtained a maturity level of 2.8 out of a maximum value of five, the main aspects associated with the evaluated attributes were also analyzed. The result obtained served as the basis for the implementation of the implementation roadmap, based on the dimensions with the lowest score. This roadmap guided a series of actions implemented by the organization with the objective of increasing the maturity of the organization based on the concepts and technologies of Industry 4.0.