Crescimento e desenvolvimento de uvaieira e cerejeira da mata durante ciclo anual em pomar

Abstract

The genus Eugenia is composed of many species, among them E. involucrataand E. pyriformis Cambess, both species present great capacity for commercial exploitation on orchard condition. Point that shows need of studies of the growthand development of the plant, so that they can be domesticated. The objective of this work was to analyze the growth, development, flowering and fruiting by phenological monitoring of the uvaieira and cherry tree of the forest during the annual cycle in orchard condition in the UTFPR -Dois Vizinhos campus. The fruit trees were implanted in the field in 2012. The growth of the uvaieira and cherry tree was evaluated through monthly measurements, where the size of the primary shoots, diameter, stem height and total height were analyzed. To obtain growth spurts. To obtain the increment that occurred in each month, the measurements of the month were subtracted from the previous month. The growth data were related to the precipitation and temperature data of themeteorological station that is located 100 meters from the orchard of native fruit trees. Data were submitted to descriptive analysis using graphs and comparison using Student's t-test with Excel® software. It was possible to observe the growth spurts of both species, however the uvaiera stood out with the average increase in height, already the cherry tree of the forest with the increase of the height and diameter of the stem and the primary shoots. In relation to the seasons, the forest cherry does not show peak growth in winter and the increments are repeated more often in the autumn, the winter grape, and not having high peaks in the summer. The occurrence of flowering and fruiting were from July to December for uvaiera and from August to October for cherry tree forest. The species demonstrated a continuous growth and development of their reproductive phases in orchard condition.