Fatores de influência na produtividade de um sistema de toras longas em povoamento de eucalipto

Abstract

In a forestry development there are several crucial processes from pre-planning to the final harvest, thus planning is essential in order to be viable in economic, sustainable and social aspects. From this perspective, the present work was developed in a private company in the cities of Avaré and Itaitinga (Sao Paulo estate) and aimed to assess the productivity of the Feller-buncher, Skidder and Grapple saw machines used in the forest harvest of two different eucalyptus stands, also aimed to analyze the performance of workers according to the job shifts to which they were submitted. The methodology was divided into two parts: Planning based on the pre harvester inventory and Geoprocessing: evaluating the Average Drag Distance (ADD), Declivity / Operational Degrees, drag division microplanning, altimetry and operational assessment using the information related to the Number of Trees, Individual Average Volume (IAV), monthly worked hours, shifts, farms and plots. With these data, it was possible to compare the productivity of the two areas and conclude that the harvest modes were operationally adequate in the areas A and B, with the following volumes per hour: Feller-buncher 68.8 m³/h and 73.62 m³/h, o Skidder 72.29 m³/h and 67.68 m³/h and for Grapple saw of 56.77 m³/h and 68.08 m³/h. In the identification of the most productive shifts, there was a high variability between the machines and areas. It was also influenced according to the slope of the terrain, size of the pile, ADD and IAV. Despite thesemean values agrees with the literature, there was no statistical significance between the assessed means.