Análise estrutural de ligações perpendiculares e diagonais em bambu da espécie Phyllostachys aurea

Abstract

The civil construction is responsible for a great negative environment impact, that way the search for renewable became necessary. Bamboo is an alternative for this, because many species have culms with physical and mechanical favorable characteristics for civil construction, like lightness, flexibility and resistance, although it has a big variability because it is an anisotropic material and it has species with different characteristics. When constructing with bamboo, it must pay attention to the connections, considered fragile points where structures usually collapse. That way, the present study analyses the behavior of perpendiculars (T) and diagonals connections of the bamboo species Phyllostachys aurea, with and without mortar injection (SA), using natural (AN) and artificial sand (AA), for that, were executed axial compression tests in the connections, determining the parallel and perpendicular to the fibers compression, the shear stress and displacement, it was determined the moisture and the density of the samples. As of the tests accomplished, it was obtained the diametral compression resistance to the superior culm of perpendicular connections SA, AN e AA de 0,22 MPa, 0,59 MPa e 0,90 MPa, respectively. To the inferior culm, it was found the parallel to the fibers compression resistance of 4,03 MPa to the SA samples, 11,53 MPa to the AN and 17,15 MPa to AA, with moisture between 13 and 16%. In diagonal connections, it was found the medium compression resistance of 7,44 MPa to SA, 12,67 MPa to AN and 13,16 MPa to AA with moisture between 24 and 28%. The connections with the best performance were those with addition of mortar, with emphasis to those with artificial sand, demonstrating the effectiveness of association of bamboo with mortar to structural purposes.