Condicionador de solo desenvolvido a partir de pó de rocha e dejetos bovinos

Abstract

The state of Paraná has a bovine herd of approximately 2.3 million animals, responsible for a high production of manure which, in turn, in most properties do not receive an adequate destination. These wastes are natural sources of nitrogen and phosphorus, they can be used as fertilizers within the property, which contributes to increasing the sustainability of dairy production. In this sense, this study aimed to develop a soil conditioner with low cost and satisfactory agronomic efficiency from cattle manure and different sources of phosphorus to enhance the efficiency of the product. The study was conducted in a greenhouse at the Federal Technological University of Paraná - campus of Pato Branco - PR. Manure was collected from family farms in the municipality of Mangueirinha - PR. For the production of soil conditioners, gypsum and different sources of phosphorus were added to the manure: i) basaltic rock powder, ii) thermophosphate, iii) thermophosphate and iv) simple superphosphate, constituting 4 treatments. After going through a fermentation process and reducing humidity, the final product was tested, using corn as a test plant to assess the agronomic efficiency of the products. The experiment was planted in pots with a capacity of 4 kg of soil, filled with sieved typical dystrophic Red Latosol and corrected for pH with calcitic limestone. Harvest was carried out 45 days after sowing. Measurements of plant height and stem diameter were carried out, after drying, the dry mass of shoot and root was weighed, as well as analyzes of phosphorus and nitrogen contents of the respective parts. The mixture of rock dust, cattle manure and agricultural gypsum obtained satisfactory results even though it did not have the highest results in the evaluated variables.