Avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana de extratos vegetais aquoso e metanólico de Passiflora edulis Sims

Abstract

Regarding the important actions attributed to antibiotics, it is understood the necessary and constant search for solutions that allow from the control of bacterial development, to its eradication. Over the years, many studies are being developed regarding the use of vegetables as precursors of products that allow treatment or cure of diseases, pest control, among other purposes. From this information and characteristics, this work aimed to analyze the antimicrobial activity of plant extracts, aqueous and methanolic, of the species Passiflora edulis Sims, against the bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The collection of the plant material was collected, referring to the leaves, peels and seeds of the yellow passion fruit. Subsequently, in order to obtain the aqueous and methanolic extracts, drying, maceration, grinding, addition of solvents, filtration, rotoevaporation were carried out, according to each stage and methodology duly pre-established. The following groups were established: Group 1, Group 2, Group3 (both through extracts obtained from leaves collected in two stages), Test Group - macerated leaves, Test Group - seeds and Test Group - peels, totaling 114 samples. Statistical calculations were performed with the data obtained from each of the samples, and the variability of each group was determined, obtaining high coefficients of variation, observing greater variability in samples with concentrations of methanolic or aqueous solvent of proportions 70:30. The extracts obtained were used to evaluate the antimicrobial action by means of disk diffusion methods, which allowed sizing the inhibition halo, and broth microdilution, in which it was possible to establish the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). After the experiments and methods performed, among the yellow passion fruit plant extracts obtained, the inhibitory action was observed only in the fruit seed extract against the microorganism S. aureus. Despite the fact that few samples of the seed extract were obtained, which inhibited the growth of the microorganism, it became evident the need to develop new studies in more depth, identifying possible characteristics present in the plant extracts that may have an inhibitory function against other species bacteria.