Valoração econômica de danos ambientais em área de preservação permanente, município de Ribeirão Preto – SP

Abstract

In recent times, deterioration in natural resources and landscapes has been increasingly noted due to environmental damage caused by irregular urban occupations. Among the impacts, one can highlight mainly those committed in Permanent Preservation Areas (APP), specifically those that occur on the margins of water bodies. Areas like these, protected by law, are extremely important for the maintenance of the most varied forms of life and human well-being. When the environmental damages in these protected areas have already been effected, there is a need for the adoption of restorative and/or compensatory measures aimed at returning the ecosystem services previously provided by the degraded region. Amidst several possibilities of existing environmental repairs, some methodologies emerge in particular that aim to repair environmental damage by economic metrics. These methods are known as economic valuation of environmental damage (VEDA). Thus, this research sought to reach a financial amount equivalent to compensation for environmental damage caused by irregular occupations in a stretch of an APP using the economic valuation method of the State Department for the Preservation of Natural Resources (DEPRN) of the State of São Paulo. Initially, for the application of this method, the damages were evaluated in six aspects in the study area: atmosphere, water, soil/subsoil, fauna, flora and territorial space. For the analysis of damage, each aspect was approached in a unique way, using different criteria and evaluation parameters. At the end of the evaluations and qualifications of the injuries by the DEPRN method, a financial amount of R$ 3.159.474,75 was obtained, equivalent to the environmental damages identified in the area.