Qualidade de águas dos rios Catingueiro, Cristalino e Ligeiro, localizados em Cianorte, Paraná, Brasil com base em parâmetros físico-químicos e toxicológicos

Abstract

With urbanization and industrialization, ecosystems, in general, suffer environmental impacts from human activities, where water bodies are the ecosystems most affected by these impacts. Thus, the assessment of the quality of this resource is necessary, and ecotoxicological tests are an alternative to assess the quality of this medium, complementing the physical-chemical analyzes. Based on this approach, this study aimed to assess, through different toxicological and physical-chemical parameters, the water quality of water resources in the urban perimeter of the city of Cianorte, Paraná, Brazil, in two moments of 2020, where conducted a water collection in February and another in August. The evaluated points were chosen taking into account the location of the Cianorte industrial park, which has a large textile sector, with six jeans laundries, one of them being the largest in Latin America. The physicochemical parameters evaluated were pH, conductivity, chlorides, fluorides, nitrite, nitrate, sulfates, total dissolved solids, Fe, Al, Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb and Cr. The waters were also analyzed against the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity bioassays in Allium cepa L. and phytotoxicity in Lactuca sativa L. Of the five water points evaluated, P1 showed levels of copper in both collections and aluminum in the second collection. above what is permitted by law. In collection 2, the P2 waters showed aluminum concentration above the maximum allowed value. Conductivity in P1 and P2, in both collections, as well as in P3, in the second collection, were at significant levels based on Brazilian analysis standards. The waters of P1 and P4, referring to the first collection, were cytotoxic to the meristematic cells of A. cepa roots. In the two collections, the waters of none of the points were genotoxic to plant cells. As for phytotoxicity, the water samples analyzed for germination and root growth in L. sativa were not phytotoxic. Therefore, it can be inferred that the waters of P1 and P2, due to their high levels of metals, can be detrimental to the survival of different species. Regarding the toxicological potentials, under the established analysis conditions, the waters showed quality because they were not toxic to bioassays used.