Valores de referência para classificação da capacidade pulmonar de adultos da região sul

Abstract

According to data from the epidemiological monitoring system between 2003 and 2013, 66.3% of admissions to the Unified Health System for respiratory causes were caused by asthma, bronchitis, emphysema and other chronic obstructive diseases. The southern region of the country has the highest rate of this type of hospitalization in this period. Spirometry measures the volume of air inhaled and exhaled by the lungs in a forced breath.The aim of this study was to develop updated values for the classification of spirometry for the population of the southern region of the country. This is a retrospective study with data collected from February to December 2018. Volunteers of both genders aged between 18 and 59 years, non-smokers who were in good health were included. Mass, height were collected and with these values, the body mass index was determined, spirometry tests were performed with the aid of a bidirectional spirometer (Care Fusion MicroLoop). Centile curves for FVC and FEV1 were constructed for each sex using the LMS method. Were evaluated 800 participants, 66.6% were women (n = 533) and 33.4% men (n = 267). As expected, lung capacity decreases with age. The minimum expected value for FVC among men aged 28-32 years is 5.05 l / s; the same expected value for the age group 10 years ahead (38-42 years) is 4.26 l / s. There was a statistically significant difference (p <0.05) in the comparison between the cutoff points predicted by this study and both existing criteria. Considering the general sample, about 48% of those evaluated were classified as below the expected value, considering the values developed here. Among men, international criteria presented the highest percentage of individuals (60.4%) as a risk for lung diseases. Among women, the classification criteria had similar results. Reference values were developed to classify the lung capacity of adults in the south of the country using the LMS technique and considering the 50th percentile (median) for the classification. Expected patterns of FVC and FEV1 were identified, values were identified by sex and age group. As expected, male values were higher than female values and decrease with advancing age. The minimum expected value for FVC among men aged 28-32 years is 5.05 l / s; the same expected value for the age group 10 years ahead (38-42 years) is 4.26 l / s. There was a statistically significant difference (p <0.05) in the comparison between the cutoff points predicted by this study and both existing criteria. Considering the general sample, about 48% of those evaluated were classified as below the expected value, considering the values developed here. Among men, international criteria presented the highest percentage of individuals (60.4%) as a risk for lung diseases. Among women, the classification criteria had similar results. Reference values were developed to classify the lung capacity of adults in the south of the country using the LMS technique and considering the 50th percentile (median) for the classification. Expected patterns of FVC and FEV1 were identified, values were identified by sex and age group. As expected, male values were higher than female values and decrease with advancing age. When comparing the criteria constructed by this work with those already in existence, international criteria, in general, tended to overestimate the risk group for males, with 11.9% of classification above the reference values proposed here and to underestimate the female values (around 13%). The national criteria proposed by Pereira et al, in contrast to the international ones, underestimate the risk group among men and among women. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p <0.05). Despite this, the values found for the sample considered adequate were slightly higher. These findings may be linked to the low prevalence of obese individuals in the sample (27.6% of the total), with the majority being classified only as overweight.