Estabelecimento in vitro de genótipos de mandioquinha-salsa (Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancroft)

Abstract

Plant biotechnology, which highlights the in vitro culture of plant tissues, has the potential to improve the conditions of propagation and field production of parsley manioc (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), since it is propagated vegetatively and that farmers encounter obstacles to production because of disease-induced loss of vigor. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the establishment and in vitro development of three genotypes of A. xanthorrhiza (BRS Rúbia 41, BRS Acarijó 56 and Amarela de Senador Amaral). The mother plants were kept in trays in a greenhouse, from which explants (apical buds) were collected from the shoots. Explants were introduced in vitro in basal culture medium with saline formulation and B5 vitamins, 3% (w / v) sucrose, 100 mg L-1 sodium ampicillin, gelled with 0.7% (w / w). v.) of agar, and pH adjusted to 5.8. The basal formulation of the culture medium was supplemented with different concentrations of growth regulators (B5 without growth regulator – culture medium 1; B5 + 0.2 mg L-1 BAP + 0.01 mg L-1 ANA - culture medium 2; B5 + 0.3 mg L-1 BAP + 0.1 mg L-1 ANA - culture medium 3). The following traits were evaluated: number of shoots, shoot height, callus diameter, leaf number, leaf size, regeneration rate and leaf growth index. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple comparison test of means by Tukey test (5%) when meeting the assumptions, otherwise a nonparametric analysis was performed. The genotype with the best in vitro establishment was BRS Rúbia 41, which stood out in most of the traits evaluated followed by BRS Acarijó 56, and the culture medium that presented the highest regeneration index and best in vitro establishment was culture medium 3 followed. of culture medium 1.