A natureza jurídica do pagamento por serviços ambientais no Projeto Manancial Vivo no município de Piraquara-PR

Abstract

The occurrence of water scarcity in unnatural conditions in cities and, in particular, in metropolises, multiplies and is the result of a combination of factors related to anthropic action. The impacts of the ecosystems destruction resulting from a disorderly urbanization process and the lack of public policies implementation to promote adequate access to potable water are reflected in what has been characterized as a global water crisis or water stress. To solve the problem, changes are needed in the cities public management, with the adoption of participatory intervention strategies as a way to reduce the environmental degradation effects. The change is possible, but it involves the joining of forces between public sector, private initiative and organized civil society, which must jointly act within the scope of socioenvironmental responsibility. In view of the context, Payment for Environmental Services (PES) emerges as an economic-legal device, which appears as an important tool to encourage a green economy, with a focus on sustainability. The instrument is based on the transfer of benefits in exchange for conservationist practices that ensure or increase the environmental services provision. Thus, this research aims to describe the work done só far for the instrumentalization of a PES project. Had as a case study the Project Manancial Vivo, developed by PiraquaraPR, due to the pioneering spirit in the Paraná state and the strategic region where it is implemented, near the state capital Curitiba. The research was supported by a review of books and scientific works developed on the theme and is organized in chapters that seek to synthesize its concept and present the project. The considerations made about the project, allowed us to infer that the PES, in the scope of the Manancial Vivo Project, presents itself as a path to be sought in the panorama of the scarcity of water resources and induce the observation that the PES, as an public policy instrument, must be shaped to build a rationality aligned with the environmental economy. Furthermore, it reinforces the argument that conserving nature is the most effective way to avoid water stress, representing an essential condition for promoting of local ecosystem sustainability and regional development.