Fosforilação da (1→6)-β-D-glucana (lasiodiplodana): caracterização físico-química e estrutural

Abstract

Polysaccharides have been extensively studied and applied to industrial and biotechnological processes, due to the great variety and versatility. β-glucans, glucose-based polysaccharides, in turn may present several interesting biological applications such as antitumor, antioxidant and imonomodulatory activity and have been obtained in several studies, through fungi in the form of exopolysaccharides. However, some fungal β-glucans have limitations in biological applications due to the low solubility in water. In order to improve this aspect and to increase the biological activities, chemical derivations are suggested, such as phosphorylation, which make it possible to obtain more soluble materials in water and with increased activities and technological potential. Thus, this work had the objective of obtaining and characterizing phosphorylated derivatives of (1→6)-β-D-glucan (lasiodiplodan) produced by the fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae MMPI, aiming at more soluble macromolecules in relation to the native lasiodiplodana and to point out other modifications technological potential. The determination of the structural modification by phosphorylation was obtained by FTIR and RMN (¹³C and ³¹P) spectroscopic techniques, especially ³¹P RMN, which enabled the identification of signals attributed to phosphate esters. Phosphorylated samples showed low DS between 0.0251 and 0.0499, indicating the inverse relationship between DS and concentration of the derivatives TMFS and TPFS used for phosphorylation. Phosphorylation process increased the water solubility for all samples compared to native lasiodiplodana. Higher zeta potential values related to the more anionic character of the phosphorylated derivatives were also achieved, as well as reduction of the average particle sizes from 1002 to 252,8 nm. The diffraction patterns of native and phosphorylated lasiodiplodana samples showed the characteristic of partially crystalline materials. The macrostructure of the phosphorylated samples presented fibril formations as a result of the insertion of the phosphate groups. Both the native lasiodiplodana and the phosphorylated samples presented good thermal stability, with mass loss stages associated with loss of water, thermal degradation and carbonization, with small differences between the samples. According to the results, the phosphorylation of lasiodiplodana contributed to the amplification of biological and technological application potentials.