Confiabilidade humana: uma abordagem na análise ergonômica durante a operação de usinas hidroelétricas à distância por meio de supervisório de alta performance

Abstract

Human reliability analysis (ACH) looks at human actions in different systems based on the limitations and different factors that influence their performance. With the advancement of the technology, manufacturers have created several different machine interface (HMI) standards, which can directly influence ergonomics, performance and limitations on human actions. In this way the differences of HMI have been presented as a point of attention for operators that work in a centralized way, that is, they operate in the same place several plants and consequent different structures, mainly due to the differences of colors, sounds, and methodology of alarms. These differences can increase the risks of human failure as well as the ergonomic malaise of the operator. This situation must be addressed, optimized, and improved through processes that can standardize and make high-performance HMIs. For this, the methodology based on ISA 101 - Human Machine Interfaces for Process Automation and ISA 18.2 - Management of Alarm Systems for Process Industries was proposed in order to present a high performance HMI and alarm methodology for a supervisory system and control. This work presents the unification of several HMI standards in a single standard in order to make the use ergonomically better for the operators and consequently to minimize the probability of human failure. The result of this work points to an effective methodology in the prevention of human failure, however it also leads to a long way to be taken in order to improve operator ergonomics and consequently decrease human failure.