Módulo de ensino e aprendizagem de controle retroativo a partir de um motor de corrente contínua didático

Abstract

The objective of this work is to develop a teaching and learning module of digital control of a low cost didactic DC motor, and to perform the closed loop speed control of the DC motor connected in series mode. For this, a bibliographical review was first carried out, followed by a software simulation, as well as the design and construction of the module. As a result, the correct adjustment of the project requirements, such as the reduction in response time and the adjustment of the surplus percentage, to acceptable levels were obtained. Some controllers of type PI (Proportional-integral) were designed, obtaining their respective equations to differences, that were shipped in the microcontroller. The development of the motor, speed sensor, control circuit, signal conditioner, HMI (manmachine interface) and obtaining all the signals needed to carry out closed-loop control were achieved. The engine transfer function was carried out through experimental tests for different sampling periods, aiming to optimize the motor response in a steady state. The designed controller proved effective and in this way closed-loop control of the DC motor speed.