Produção e análise quimiométrica de biodiesel a partir de óleo de pinhão manso

Abstract

In Brazil, vegetable oils commonly used for obtaining biodiesel oils are corn, castor beans, sunflower, soybean, cotton, palm, among others. However, recently, jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) is being considered as a good agricultural option, for being an excellent quality oil. This work aimed to study esters production using as raw material jatropha oil. The oil was subjected to physical and chemical analysis such as acid index, saponification index, free fatty acids content and humidity. The route used was ethanolysis with different catalysts H2SO4 and H3PO4 at different concentrations varying the molar ratio of oil: ethanol (1: 9 and 1:18). For the production of biodiesel was used the transesterification reaction, which was held under 65°C temperature and the reaction time was one hour. It was observed that the type of catalyst, concentration and molar ratio of oil: water influenced on the reaction yield. The biodiesel sample was subjected to physical-chemical analysis as acid value, moisture, density and viscosity. The results of these analyzes were compared with the current values of the standards of the Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (ANP). Through the biodiesel yield results it was used chemometrics to optimize the experiment.