Obtenção, caracterização química e determinação da atividade antimicrobiana do óleo essencial das folhas de Schinus terebenthifolius Raddi (aroeira)

Abstract

The use of plants for therapeutic purposes is a medicinal tradition among people of various cultures, highlighting the use in treating infections, wounds, venereal diseases, among others. Schinus species is characterized by pungent essential oil, concentrated mainly in fruits, which are used in the treatment of respiratory disorders, infections and mycoses. Essential oils are plant raw materials widely used in many industrial sectors, such as perfumes, cosmetics, hygiene, food, pharmaceuticals, among others. One of the techniques widely used in the extraction of essential oil is hydrodistillation that is to distill or boil the plant sample in Clevenger apparatus with water. The aim of this work was the extraction of essential oil Schinus terebenthifolius Raddi via hydrodistillation, chemically characterize the essential oil and assess their antimicrobial potential. The plant material (leaves) was collected in the city of Pato Branco, the leaves were dried and stored. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation method in Clevenger apparatus, after the oil obtained was characterized by GC / MS and also used in antimicrobial tests against the strains of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella thypimurium, Bacillus cereus and Listeria monocytogenes. As its composition, the major compounds were isocitral, γ - macrocarpeno and β – ocimene. Positive results were obtained for inhibition of four of the five microorganisms tested.