Gesso agrícola e seu efeito no desempenho do milho e do feijão cultivados em sucessão

Abstract

The application of gypsum in soils with aluminum and occurrence of water stress can provide favorable conditions for the plants to increase their productivity due to the greater root growth in depth. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of gypsum application on the agronomic performance of maize and bean grown in succession in clayey soils in Bom Sucesso do Sul – Paraná. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, constituting 5 doses (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 t ha-1) and four replicates. The following components of grain yield (GR), number of grains per spike (NG), number of rows per spike (NF) and one hundred grain mass (MCG) and of bean were evaluated, grain yield (RG), number of vegetables per plant (NLP), number of grains per legume (NGL) and mass of a thousand grains (MMG). In addition to the agronomic traits of the crops, the soil chemical conditions were also evaluated by soil sampling at three depth levels (0-20, 20-40, 40-60 cm) and at two different times (6 and 9 months after application) Plus the control sample collected before the implantation of the experiment. The application of gypsum in the corn crop increased the number of grains per spike, but without increasing productivity. For the bean culture there was a positive response to the doses of gypsum for the number of vegetables per plant and yield of grains. In the chemical attributes of the soil, it was possible to observe a decrease in all depths evaluated for aluminum contents, but only in the first six months after application. Due to liming, it was possible to observe an increase in magnesium and calcium contents in the first six months in all depths, however after nine months there was a decrease in the contents of Mg2+ and Ca2+ related to the 0-20 cm layer and 0-60 respectively. In the case of potassium, there was an expressive decrease in all depths and sampling times.