Desempenho produtivo e caracteres agronômicos de cultivares de soja Intacta RR2 PRO® Sob diferentes arranjos de plantas

Abstract

The soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] is characterized by presenting high plasticity, adapting to the different arrangements that is submitted; being able to change its morphology when it changes the population of plants per area or the spacing between rows. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of two soybean cultivars, both with Intact RR2 PRO ® technology, subjected to different spacing between rows (20, 25, 30, 35, 40,45, and 50 cm) and population density of plants (200,000, 250,000, and 300,000 plants ha-1). The agronomic characters evaluated were: Plant height, height of insertion of first pod, number of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, number the grains per pod, thousand grain weight and grain yield. The experiment was conducted in Itapejara D’ Oeste city. We used the cultivars NS 5445 Intact RR2 PRO ® and NS 5959 Intact RR2 PRO®. The collected data was subjected to analysis of variance by F-test identifying the possible interactions between density and spaces between rows for both cultivars. Subsequently, the data were submitted to polynomial regression. The cultivar NS 5445 Intacta RR2 PRO ® presented the maximum yield point at 6.717 kg ha-1, using the population of 200,000 plants ha-1 and 20 cm spacing between rows. The minimum yield within the range studied was 4,378 kg ha-1, which was obtained with the population of 200,000 plants ha-1 and 50 cm between rows. To the cultivar NS 5959 Intact RR2 PRO ®, the maximum yield achieved was 6,259 kg ha-1, when using the population of 300,000 plants ha-1 and 20 cm spacing between rows. However, the minimum yield was observed when,000 plants ha-1 and 50 cm between rows was used, with a grain yield of 4,243 kg ha-1. We conclude that the equidistant distribution between plants in the row provides yield grain increments as well as space reduction for soybean crop is feasible, especially for short season cultivars.