Síntese e caracterização de surfactantes zwitteriônicos derivados de triazol

Abstract

Although electrically neutral, zwitterionic surfactants present in their structure the negative and positive charges (anionic and cationic groups) located on their polar and hydrophilic heads. In addition to having a wide range of applications, like the other surfactant classes, they have specific properties and depending on the pH of the solution, they can acquire positive, negative charge or remain neutral. They are a great choice for use in the formulation of cosmetic and personal care products as they have low toxicity, low irritation to skin and mucosa, and good water solubility. Recently, zwitterionic surfactants have been employed in nanotechnology, nanoparticle preparation and coating of magnetic nanostructured materials, which can be used for the remediation of substances present in an effluent, for example, and are easily removed from the medium using become an external magnetic field. Thus, in this work the synthesis and characterization of four unpublished zwitterionic surfactants, containing the triazole ring as cationic site, were performed. Two of them containing as an anionic site the sulfonate group (TRS3-14 and TRS3-10) and two others, the carboxylate group (TRC2-14 and TRC2-10), total synthesis yields were 14%, 15%, 9.02% and 8.86% for TRS-14, TRS3-10, TRC2-14 and TRC2-10, respectively. The products were characterized by Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy and Hydrogen and Carbon Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H NMR and 13C NMR). The products synthesized in this work open new possibilities for application in product formulations, nanoparticle adsorption and micellar catalysis.