Influência das áreas de reserva legal na oferta de polinizadores

Abstract

World food production is completely dependent on the pollination process, which is often accomplished through ecosystem services provided by pollinating insects. Without the presence of these organisms, most of the crops grown around the world would cease to exist. For these agents to continue assisting in this process, they must have not only food availability but also opportunities for shelter in native forest regions and protected natural areas. The present study aimed to identify the importance of legal reserve areas of rural properties in the supply of pollinators for soybean and corn crops in the city of Marechal Cândido Rondon - PR. Four farms were selected and two samplings were made during the flowering of soybean and two for corn. For sampling, blue, yellow and white trap plates were used. In each property, 15 traps were installed, arranged in three parallel transects (one for each color) in the Legal Reserve area (10m and 20m, entering the forest), in the agricultural area (50m and 100m, entering the cultivation area) and in the boundary area (0m, located between the two areas). The insects collected were identified down to family level. We collected 629 insects distributed in six orders and 47 families. 35 families of pollinating insects were found, with the family Anthophoridae being the most common in maize and Tenebrionidae along with Apidae being the most common in soybean. The different collection distances within the Legal Reserve and the agricultural area did not affect the number of individuals, morphospecies and pollinators. However, by analyzing common families in the Legal Reserve area and agricultural area simultaneously, 30 morphospecies from 16 families were found, and 5 of them (31% of families) are considered possible pollinators of agricultural crops present during the harvest periods. Therefore, the importance of Legal Reserve areas in the supply of pollinators for agricultural crops is thus expressed.